Siddhartha Essay: Hindu and Buddhist Thought -- Hesse Siddhartha Essay

Hindu and Buddhist Thought in Siddhartha Siddhartha, set in India, is subtitled an Indic Poetic Work, and it clearly owes much to Indian religions. But the question of the detailed nature of Hesses debt to various aspects of Indian religion and philosophy in Siddhartha is quite abstruse and deserves detailed discussion. This essay will discuss the elements of Hindu and Buddhist impression present in Siddhartha and make distinctions between them. Siddhartha is one of the names of the historical Gotama (Noss 213), the life history of Hesses character, Siddhartha resembles that of his historical counterpart to some extent. Siddhartha is by no means a fictional life of Buddha, but it does contain numerous references to Buddha and his teachings. The basic teaching of Buddha is hypothecate in the Four Noble rectitudes and the Eightfold Path (Gupta 17). Proceeding from the premiss that wo(e) exists and that a release from it moldiness be found, Buddha constructed his system. The First Noble Truth is the fact of suffering. The Second Truth is that suffering arises from human appetite for something, and that this desire can never be satisfied. The Third Truth is that there is a counseling to achieve a release from suffering. And the Fourth Truth prescribes the manner of overcoming suffering and attaining true knowledge. The first two steps in the Eightfold Path, which leads to the cessation of suffering, atomic number 18 right understanding and right resolution a person must first discover and experience the excoriateness of the Four Noble Truths (it is not comfortable to profess a superficial belief), and then resolve to follow the correct path. The next three steps likewise form a kind of whole right speech, right behavior, an... ...University Press, Princeton 1991. Gupta, Hari, Buddhism in India. Princeton University Press, Princeton 1964. Heinrich Dumoulin, Zen Buddhism A History. Volume 1 India and China. Macmillan, innovative York 1988. Hesse, Herman. Siddhartha. Dover Publications, 1998. King, Sallie B., Buddha Nature. State University of New York Press, Albany 1991. Klostermaier, Klaus K. A Survey of Hinduism. Albany, New York SUNY Albany Press, 1994. Matta, Eva. Dynamic Hinduism Ed. David Westerlund. New York St. Martins Press, 1996. 237-258. Noss, David S., and John B. Noss. The Worlds Religions. New York Macmilllan College Publishing union 1994. Shaw, Leroy, Time and the Structure of Hermann Hesses Siddhartha, Symposium 9 (1957) 204-224. Timpe, Eugene F. Hesses Siddhartha and the Bhagavad Gita. Comparative Literature, V.22 No.4 , 1970. Siddhartha Essay Hindu and Buddhist Thought -- Hesse Siddhartha EssayHindu and Buddhist Thought in Siddhartha Siddhartha, set in India, is subtitled an Indic Poetic Work, and it clearly owes much to Indian religions. But the question of the exact nature of Hesses debt to various aspects of Indian religion and philosophy in Siddhartha is quite complicated and deserve s detailed discussion. This essay will discuss the elements of Hindu and Buddhist thought present in Siddhartha and make distinctions between them. Siddhartha is one of the names of the historical Gotama (Noss 213), the life of Hesses character, Siddhartha resembles that of his historical counterpart to some extent. Siddhartha is by no means a fictional life of Buddha, but it does contain numerous references to Buddha and his teachings. The basic teaching of Buddha is formulated in the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path (Gupta 17). Proceeding from the premise that suffering exists and that a release from it must be found, Buddha constructed his system. The First Noble Truth is the fact of suffering. The Second Truth is that suffering arises from human desire for something, and that this desire can never be satisfied. The Third Truth is that there is a way to achieve a release from suffering. And the Fourth Truth prescribes the manner of overcoming suffering and attaining tru e knowledge. The first two steps in the Eightfold Path, which leads to the cessation of suffering, are right understanding and right resolution a person must first discover and experience the correctness of the Four Noble Truths (it is not sufficient to profess a superficial belief), and then resolve to follow the correct path. The next three steps likewise form a kind of unit right speech, right behavior, an... ...University Press, Princeton 1991. Gupta, Hari, Buddhism in India. Princeton University Press, Princeton 1964. Heinrich Dumoulin, Zen Buddhism A History. Volume 1 India and China. Macmillan, New York 1988. Hesse, Herman. Siddhartha. Dover Publications, 1998. King, Sallie B., Buddha Nature. State University of New York Press, Albany 1991. Klostermaier, Klaus K. A Survey of Hinduism. Albany, New York SUNY Albany Press, 1994. Matta, Eva. Dynamic Hinduism Ed. David Westerlund. New York St. Martins Press, 1996. 237-258. Noss, David S., and John B. Noss. The Worlds Religions. New York Macmilllan College Publishing Company 1994. Shaw, Leroy, Time and the Structure of Hermann Hesses Siddhartha, Symposium 9 (1957) 204-224. Timpe, Eugene F. Hesses Siddhartha and the Bhagavad Gita. Comparative Literature, V.22 No.4 , 1970.

Frost :: essays research papers

Robert Frost Biography and ReviewRobert Lee Frost, b. San Francisco, Mar. 26, 1874 d. Boston, Jan. 29, 1963, was one of the track poets of the 20th-century and a four time winner of the Pulitzer Prize. Frost was a poet frequently associated with rural New England, although his poems could be felt and related to in any region of the world. Thought his schoolboyisher days may have not been fill up with other children having fun and such, Frost made the best of what he enjoyed. At the upstart age of only eleven Frost&8217s father passed away. in brief after his death the family left California to settle in Massachusetts. As young Frost grew-up he attended high school in that state, posterior would enter Dartmouth College, but would remain there less that one semester. Later he returned to Massachusetts where he would be a school teacher on with two other jobs he held as a mill worker and a newspaper reporter. Then in 1895 Frost married Elinor White whom he had been co-valedict orians with in high school. Then between 1897 and 1899 Frost felt the need to go back to college he attended Harvard as a special school-age child only to leave without a degree. Over the next ten familys he would write more poetry. Frost would confront on and operate a farm in Derry, New Hampshire that his grandfather had purchase for him with the condition he live there for a minimum of ten years. He would also bundle a teaching position at Derry&8217s Pinkerton Academy to receive another(prenominal) form of income. Frost would not stay there long, as he felt the need to once again move.In 1912, when Frost was nearly forty he sold the farm and used the proceeds to take his family to England, where he could devote himself entirely to writing. Frost would establish himself quickly and would reap the awards of immediate success. In 1894 at the age of twenty Frost sold and published his runner poem &8220My ButterflyAn Elegy to The Independent, a New York literary journal. This wa s his first step in the long line of success that he would encounter. Only a year after Frost arrived in England his book &8220A Boy&8217s Will was judge and published. With the help of favorable reviews on both sided of the Atlantic a American publisher published his book. The Henry Holt and Company became Frosts primary American Publisher.Frost essays research papers Robert Frost Biography and ReviewRobert Lee Frost, b. San Francisco, Mar. 26, 1874 d. Boston, Jan. 29, 1963, was one of the leading poets of the 20th-century and a four time winner of the Pulitzer Prize. Frost was a poet often associated with rural New England, although his poems could be felt and related to in any region of the world. Thought his younger days may have not been filled with other children having fun and such, Frost made the best of what he enjoyed. At the young age of only eleven Frost&8217s father passed away. Soon after his death the family left California to settle in Massachusetts. As young Fro st grew-up he attended high school in that state, later would enter Dartmouth College, but would remain there less that one semester. Later he returned to Massachusetts where he would be a school teacher along with two other jobs he held as a mill worker and a newspaper reporter. Then in 1895 Frost married Elinor White whom he had been co-valedictorians with in high school. Then between 1897 and 1899 Frost felt the need to go back to college he attended Harvard as a special student only to leave without a degree. Over the next ten years he would write more poetry. Frost would live on and operate a farm in Derry, New Hampshire that his grandfather had purchase for him with the condition he live there for a minimum of ten years. He would also take a teaching position at Derry&8217s Pinkerton Academy to receive another form of income. Frost would not stay there long, as he felt the need to once again move.In 1912, when Frost was nearly forty he sold the farm and used the proceeds to ta ke his family to England, where he could devote himself entirely to writing. Frost would establish himself quickly and would reap the awards of immediate success. In 1894 at the age of twenty Frost sold and published his first poem &8220My ButterflyAn Elegy to The Independent, a New York literary journal. This was his first step in the long line of success that he would encounter. Only a year after Frost arrived in England his book &8220A Boy&8217s Will was accepted and published. With the help of favorable reviews on both sided of the Atlantic a American publisher published his book. The Henry Holt and Company became Frosts primary American Publisher.

cloning :: essays research papers

CloningImagine being a first year medical surgeon just out of the highest-ranking university in the nation. You are set(p) in the ER, in the Methodist Hospital building, as your days are spent saving mountain from the cruel realities that they are forced to live among. solar day after day, you see handfuls of people coming in with a variety of gunshot, knife, and domestic violence wounds. Your troubles are easily compensated, however, by receiving over $200,000 a year, a brand new Mercedes, and a house upon the palisade shores. Suppose for a moment that one evening while you are on duty, an ambulance radios in and informs the hospital staff that they are bringing in a multiple gunshot wound victim and to prepare the ER for an immediate operation. You begin to order people around and dictate what needs to be prepared before the ambulance arrives. Finally the victim is present, unaccompanied to show that he is not the average gangster or policeman, instead it is the near lifeles s body of your own son. Your blood freezes your brain shuts down, as you see every precious siemens slip away by the lifeless gaze of your childs eyes. His life and future all depend on you saving his life. He has been shot twice in the chest and his little union is working ten fold to keep him alive. You realize that the only way to save him is an immediate heart transplant and you have not a second to lose. You yell at the assistant to find the nearest heart donor in hopes that your young son will make it through the night. Unfortunately your hopes are destroyed as the medical assistant informs you that the nearest heart donor is in Spokane, Washington 3,000+ miles away. You slowly turn to see the dying face of your son, and only wish to take the entire burden from his shoulders and hoist it upon yours. Your son gives you an unforgettable look of fear as he slips away into the gates of heaven farthest from his warm and safe family. You drop to your knees in tears, and you swea r you could hear the voice of your deceased son say, "Why? Why didnt you save me mommy?"Similar instances are faced daily in hospitals all over the world. Children, adults, grandparents, and loved ones all come in one at a time with the hopes of survival in their heads, but with the taste of death in their mouths.

Employee Compensation and Turnover Essay -- Human Resources Management

Employee Compensation and swage Often, an excessively high turnover rate compared to the industry standard is a symptom of problems within the organization (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin & Cardy 1998). Managers mustiness realize that high staff turnover can prove costly, particularly to small businesses (Oliver 1998). Strategies have to be crafted that will minimize turnover and the costs associated with it. Although strategies utilise to retain employees can be expensive, turnover is a cyclical problem that usually becomes more expensive in the long run (Brannick 1998). Costs that organizations see when employees depart include recruitment costs associated with finding replacements, selection costs associated with interviewing, relocating and screening, training costs and separation costs such as severance founder (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin, & Cardy 1998). Managers can reward employees with tangible or intangible compensation (Brannick 1998). Tangible compensation includes salary increases, benefits, bonuses, potential for advancement and stock options (Brannick 1998). The good news for managers is that in that respect are also inexpensive strategies that can be implemented to make and keep employees happy with their jobs. Intangible compensation includes respect, feedback, recognition, the opportunity to be heard and encouragement (Armentrout 1998). All of these means of compensation can be effective if managers take the time to get to know their employees and what makes them happy. The human resource function, compensation management is at the center of all of these issues. THE EFFECTS OF TURNOVEREmployee turnover rate is defined as the measure of the rate at which employees leave a firm (Gomez-Mejia, Luis, Balkin & Cardy 1998). Turnover has b... ... (1998). Controlling employee turnover 5 paragraphs. Online. Available WWWhttp//www.auxillium.com/staffing.htm Brannick, Joan (1998). Decreasing the staggering costs of turnover in your organization 14 paragraphs. Onli ne. Available WWWhttp//www.florida-speakers.com/turnover-costs.htm Condodina, Jen, Ermel, Lauren (1997). Compensating packages changing shape. HRFocus, p.S-1. Davis, Barbara (1997). Strategies for managing retention. HRFocus, p.S-3. Gomez-Mejia, Luis, Balkin, David, Cardy, Robert (1998). Managing Human Resources, parvenue Jersey Prentice Hall. Oliver, Judith (1998). High staff turnover- find out why your staff are leaving. focusing Today, p.84. Shaw, Jason, Delery, John, Jenkins, Douglas, Gupta, Nina (1998). An organization-level analysis of voluntary and involuntary turnover. Academy of Management Journal, 41, p.511.

The Roles of Greek Heroism and the Gods in the Persian Wars Essay

The Roles of Greek Heroism and the Gods in the Persian Wars The Persian Wars (499-479 BC) put the Greeks in the difficult position of having to defend their realm against a vast empire with an army that greatly outnumbered their own. Many city-states united in passage of arms, although others found ways to avoid participation in the wars. The Greeks also relied on the words of Apollo to guide them, just now the oracle did not always act encouragingly. The Greeks defeated the Persians in the Persian Wars due to heroic actions performed by Athens and Sparta and casual assistance from the gods, but cowardice shown by other poleis nearly ended the Greeks chances of success. Unity between the Greek poleis could be seen occasionally in the battles of the Persian Wars, but not consistently. The Greeks first confronted the Persians during the Ionian Revolt (499-494 BC). Ionian Greeks wanted to escape the oppressive system the Persians had them under, so they turned to the Athenian s. They in turn offered 20 ships to the revolt, and the Eretrians offered quintuplet ships (Demand 1996 184). Although the revolt was unsuccessful, the help offered by Athens and Eretria provided the first instance of unity among several Greek poleis. The Battle of Marathon in 490 BC, however, did not provide such(prenominal) an instance. When the Persian army headed to Greece to attack, only Athens and Plataea sent soldiers to fight them. The Spartans claimed they could not send soldiers due to a festival and only appeared after the battle was won by the Athenians and Plataeans to congratulate the victors (Demand 1996 186-187). The victory gave a boost to the confidence of the Athenians, who felt that at Marathon we were the only ones to face up to th... ...arta to play great roles in battle. This produced a tension between the city-states that nearly allowed the Persians to claim victory. The Greeks turned to Apollo, but the oracle did not encourage them. The Greek forces continued to fight, however, driven by acts of bravery performed by Athens and Sparta. Though the Greeks did not achieve complete unity or receive absolute encouragement from the gods, they had enough bravery and belief to bring them success in the Persian Wars. Works Cited Crane, Gregory R. (ed.) The Perseus Project, http//www.perseus.tufts.edu, November, 1998. Demand, Nancy. A History of Ancient Greece. New York The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1996. Dillon, Matthew, and Lynda Garland. Ancient Greece Social and Historical Documents from Archaic Times to the terminal of Socrates. London Routledge, 1994. No. 7.42, p. 209.

The Roles of Greek Heroism and the Gods in the Persian Wars Essay

The Roles of Greek Heroism and the Gods in the Persian Wars The Persian Wars (499-479 BC) put the Greeks in the difficult position of having to defend their sphere against a vast empire with an army that greatly outnumbered their own. Many city-states united in date, although others found ways to avoid participation in the wars. The Greeks also relied on the words of Apollo to guide them, except the oracle did not always act encouragingly. The Greeks defeated the Persians in the Persian Wars due to heroic actions performed by Athens and Sparta and chance(a) assistance from the gods, but cowardice shown by other poleis nearly ended the Greeks chances of success. Unity between the Greek poleis could be seen occasionally in the battles of the Persian Wars, but not consistently. The Greeks first confronted the Persians during the Ionian Revolt (499-494 BC). Ionian Greeks wanted to escape the oppressive system the Persians had them under, so they turned to the Athenians. They i n turn offered 20 ships to the revolt, and the Eretrians offered vanadium ships (Demand 1996 184). Although the revolt was unsuccessful, the help offered by Athens and Eretria provided the first instance of unity among several Greek poleis. The Battle of Marathon in 490 BC, however, did not provide such(prenominal) an instance. When the Persian army headed to Greece to attack, only Athens and Plataea sent soldiers to fight them. The Spartans claimed they could not send soldiers due to a festival and only appeared after the battle was won by the Athenians and Plataeans to congratulate the victors (Demand 1996 186-187). The victory gave a boost to the confidence of the Athenians, who felt that at Marathon we were the only ones to face up to th... ...arta to play greater roles in battle. This produced a tension between the city-states that nearly allowed the Persians to claim victory. The Greeks turned to Apollo, but the oracle did not encourage them. The Greek forces continued to fight, however, driven by acts of bravery performed by Athens and Sparta. Though the Greeks did not achieve complete unity or receive absolute encouragement from the gods, they had enough bravery and trust to bring them success in the Persian Wars. Works Cited Crane, Gregory R. (ed.) The Perseus Project, http//www.perseus.tufts.edu, November, 1998. Demand, Nancy. A History of Ancient Greece. New York The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1996. Dillon, Matthew, and Lynda Garland. Ancient Greece Social and Historical Documents from Archaic Times to the dying of Socrates. London Routledge, 1994. No. 7.42, p. 209.

Cultural Background Paper Essay

The fusion of cultures has been ever growing and I would like to say- being multiracial these days is non a new phenomenon. on that point ar many of us who come from a similar status where we sh be different ancestors from different cultures. For instance, my suffer friend has a Latino b extinguish and an African-American mother. Both the parents come from different cultures and the instances beget been increasing. However, I share an Indian background with a Hispanic background. The fusion of the deuce cultures was unthinkable but I rely it has to happen sometimes that way.The main reason why I believe we see cultural fusions is because of the increased heathenish and racial diversity in the United States of America. It is provoke to none how different parents from different cultures actually bring in their stories and traditions into our lives. I believe it is easy to appropriate characteristic traits from an Indian background and a Hispanic background. There are a few traits that make one easily recognizable and distinguishable from others. massiveness to family ties and bonds is extremely crucial.I remember my father (who obviously shares an Indian background, American-Indian) who stressed on the importance of relationships. Grandparents, uncles, aunts and every relative had to be respected and served on their periodic arrival. Indians are particularly fond of spicy food with their own kind of spices which includes lots of chili, cumin powder and other so-called masalas in their food (Gawle, 2003). There is an obligation and responsibility that the Indians exhibit in their mentality which makes them extremely family-oriented.As Jean Bacon in his book, Life-lines Community, Family and Assimilation among Asiatic Indian Immigrants states regarding this stance, The nonion of obligation peradventure encourages members of the second generation to follow the wishes of their parents regarding issues such as educational elections or choices of t rade union partners to a greater extent often than would be the case if this experience of obligation were not present. It was very surprising to me that none of the children in these families ever defied his or her parents desires.No one ever decided to move away and become financially self-employed person in order to pursue his or her own, as opposed to his or her parents, desires. No one took out educational loans to secure the education of his or her choice (Bacon, 1996). The system of joint-families and extravagant weddings with lots of food and numerous ceremonies is synonymous with them. Their music sense with the sitar and the classics by rise up-known singers was their favorite. Religion and spiritual obligations were also taken seriously. As Charles A. Moore in his book, The Indian Mind Essentials of Indian philosophy and culture states regarding Indian culture,It is common ground in Indian thought that the adoption of secular subject matter and methods do not lead to freedom or salvation. It may be held that, if we could conquer Nature and fully exploit her resources, we might satisfy all our wants, and as soon as they arise. The modern man in the atomic age with his immense faith in technology is prone to think that the solution lies this way. provided wants may cool it outstrip our ability to satisfy them a leap-frog race may result. The root problem is left untouched. Technology cannot provide the wisdom and the trusty will necessary to make a wholesome use of our power.Control over Nature without control over oneself (self-restraint) can lead however to rivalry, domination, conflict, and self-destructive warfare. The human problem is basically spiritual it lies in self-control and self-education (Moore & Morris, 1967). The following quote from the book on the Indian culture shows the immense spiritism in the Indian residential area and how they try to resolve their problems through the means of self-control. Their religion and their bel ief in spirituality play a vital part in bringing out these characteristics.My mother who is a Hispanic lady submitted to the Indian culture as they shared a few common ideologies. On the whole, the Indian trait in my family background is dominant. An interesting study was done by Shamita cony Dasgupta on the gender roles and cultural continuity in the Asian Indian Immigrant community in the United States of America where she evaluates the attitude of women and date in the Indian culture. Her revelation is as follows, Where attitude toward women was concerned, there seemed to be great intergenerational similarities amidst parents and children.The belief in gender equality of both mothers and fathers was positively correlated with that of their children regardless of age. However, mothers egalitarianism seemed to be mitigated by their childrens age. That is, the fourth-year their children, the more conservative mothers became regarding womens roles. Since mothers own age was no t linked to this relationship, it can only be speculated that as adolescents grew older, their mothers started to experience the pressures of socializing them in traditional gender roles.In the process, they themselves turned toward conservatism (Dasgupta, 1998). Another interesting trait that can be drawn in the Indian culture is regarding the relationship between a boy and a girl. The Indian culture places an immense importance on the physical chastity. In other words, there is nothing like sex- removed-marriage for them. As Shamita Das Dasgupta in her journal article states, Undoubtedly, a reason for instilling inhibitions about dating in girls more than boys is due to Asian Indian parents obsessions with maintaining familiar chastity. Dr.Prasad, a professor of engineering conducting a youth forum in New Jersey, stated, From an Indian Culture point of view, dating involving physical relationships before marriage is not permissible. Segal (1991) notes this fear in Asian Indian p arents and believes roughly Indian immigrants who are not quite familiar with the practice tend to conflate dating with sexual activity (Dasgupta, 1998). The idea of physical chastity plays an important role in the Indian community and any kind of illicit relationship outside the framework of marriage is taboo for them.It means absolute disgrace on the family if any such kind of an act is indulged by either the boy or the girl. In Hinduism particularly, such girls are exiled from the communities and their family members are disgraced and humiliated to a great extent. My parents value their own cultures and traditions. Though I come from a bi-racial background, my family has more or less of the Indian traditions in it as my mother had very willingly given herself to the Indian heritage. The freedom stories as well as the Indian history are still known to my father. My father stated in a brief conversation,Indian culture imbibes its traditional roots from the Vedas. We have a deep alliance to it and we cannot depart what our country has done for us to bring us so far. Our Indian tradition and culture is our identity to who we are. Indian culture promotes an inner sense of brotherhood and unconditional love- something that I witness lacking in the West but we have a small world of our own here. I still value the Indian norms and I am proud of it as well. I cannot forget the freedom fighters that fought for our beloved country. I believe that is how we are here.I cannot forget the sacrifices given by our countrys soldiers to protect India from foreign invasion. The emotions are far too many to be forgotten ( fast one K. Ram Prasad, personal communication, whitethorn 15, 2007). John Y. Fenton, in his book entitled, Transplanting Religious Traditions Asian Indians in America lists some of the important characteristics that are found in the Indians and are most desired to preserve. He lists family as the most important trait and dominant in the Indian culture. Se condly, he states Indian character (pious and chastity) and thirdly, he states religion as the inherent trait amongst Indians.Fourthly, he finds cultural arts and language as important traits in the Indian culture. (Fenton, 1988). There are some hints on the Hispanic culture in my family background as well. Though they are not very dominant, they are worth looking into as the character traits are recognisable in their own way in my family. I believe the reason why it was easy for my Hispanic mother to accept the Indian traditions as her own was because they shared many similarities, one of them being their conservative or traditional lifestyle. Furthermore, the Hispanic culture also places immense emphasis on the family, religion and community (Sutherland, 1997).My father also exhibits similar characteristics as discussed above but he has evolved in some sense. As stated in several literatures above regarding religion, my father keeps his religion in his own personal space and allo ws his children to make their own decisions (which are very unlikely to happen in a typical Indian culture). Adapting to the American environment came easy on him and adapting to the Indian culture came easy on my mother. I have witnessed many occasions when my father gave his first precession to family and then on building a perfect human character in his children.His children and wife were always his first priority over everything and he do sure they received the best of education and lifestyle. Furthermore, his moral stories enlightened us to be good humans and be of good human character. His teachings also turn on the aspect to respect our grandparents as well as our great-great-ancestors that he so proudly talks about. Though an American now, his Indian values are still present and he vows to pass it on in every way he can through us and though his grand children, as he says. He still celebrates all the festivals and all the Indian rituals.I have personally witnessed these traits in my family that show that my parents are indeed very knowledgeable about their culture. As we saw above, the traits of the Indians are very dominant in my family and most of them have been discussed and stated as being visible in my family. Yes- the traits have also been found visible in my close Indian relatives as well as grandparents who value their Indian culture and still prefer to eat chapattis, curry, sweets and love Indian music and ghazals (Ghazals are slow Indian songs with Urdu lyrics, sort of a beautiful poetry on subjects like love, life and sadness).Old Indian movies and soap operas still occupy a prominent status in my grandparents menu through which they cherish their Indian culture and the traits are obviously noticeable. As my grandmother stated a few days ago, We cannot forget where we are from we cannot forget our land, no matter how long we have lived here. We cherish our cultures through centuries and no matter where we are, we will continue to cheris h it till our death and pass it on (Jodha Ram Prasad, Personal Communication, whitethorn 20, 2007).Racism has been an old tale in the history of United States of America and still continues in different manners with different thinking patterns today. They label people like my parents and grandparents as typical stereotypical characters though they have lived all their life to this country. Personally, I have neer had any racist experiences but my relatives who have been here for over three decades did. They had problems getting enrolled into American institutions and they would often be looked down as from the third-world countries, though they hold the American citizenship.My uncle states his story that depicted racism exhibited in his own words, I was 18 when I had finished my high school and lived all my life in the United States. so far then, we had our house in such a locality where only immigrants lived. It was difficult for us to buy or rent houses in those locations wher e whites would live. Once I tried getting a house in a typical white locality and found that they gave me rates that were twice expensive than what they charged the white people. This would eventually force us to buy homes in immigrant localities, hence show discrimination. We were discriminated based on where we came from.We would be paid lower than the whites in our era when the fight against racism was still in its beginning stages. It was difficult to get the law of nature in our support either. We were eventually marked as weak and powerless (Hardy Lewis Choudhry, Personal communication, May 21, 2007). There are many such stories that we would get to hear. These were not new then and are not new even now (though we have several legislations and agencies protecting us from racism). Our grandparents, parents and relatives have a lot more to say than anyone else as racism was extremely common when they immigrated to United States than it is now.Today, we have our rights protecti ng us from discrimination and racial profiling (that previously didnt exist). Even today, as I see, Indians are marked stereotypically as foolish and old-fashioned thinking people. There are quite many things that I have wise(p) about my familys culture through this research and this includes the Indian philosophy and culture, including the racism stories and several other experiences from my primary care-givers. The American culture that I have blended in and the Indian culture that still persists in my family are poles apart in their philosophies and so are their lifestyles.I have witnessed that the conservative Indian thinking is actually a trait that is passed on and I have seen that the Indian culture values a person by his character. Earlier, my focus was never laid on my familys culture as we lived the way as every American family would live but it was interesting to note the rich characteristics of Indian culture in my family, including my parents, grandparents as well as r elatives who gave a tremendous insight into several notions of the Indian philosophy and Indian traditional values.I believe and I respect the traditional cultural values of my family (earlier to which I was not exposed to) and I have learned how spirituality plays a vital role in the making of a persons character and mind. On the whole, the experience has been quite enriching as India is truly a country with diverse cultures and an interesting history. I am still reminded about Mahatma Gandhi and the times of the Mughals (ancient rulers of India) by my grandparents which show that the traits still exist in them and they want those traits to prevail in me as well which they hope I will pass on to my progeny too REFERENCES Moore, Charles A., Morris, Aldyth V. (1967). The Indian Mind Essentials of Indian Philosophy and Culture. East-West Center Press. Page no. 323-389. Dasgupta, Shamita Das (1998). Gender Roles and Cultural Continuity in the Asian Indian Immigrant Community in the U. S. A Journal of Research, Vol. 38, 1998. Bacon, Jean (1996). Life-lines Community, Family and Assimilation among Asian-Indian Immigrants. Oxford University Press. Page 242. Gawle, Rupa (2003). Ask not what your family can do for you Is obligation an exclusively Indian trait? India Abroad. Published on the 13th of June, 2003. Retrieved online on the 22nd of May, 2007 at http//www.highbeam. com/doc/1P1-78807655. html John K. Ram Prasad, Personal Communication, May 15, 2007. Fenton, John Y. (1988). Transplanting Religious traditions Asian Indians in America. Praeger Publishers, Page 201. Sutherland, Jean (1997). Understanding Hispanic/Latino culture and register through the use of Childrens literature. Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute. Retrieved online on the 22nd of May, 2007 at http//www. yale. edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1997/2/97. 02. 06. x. html Jodha Ram Prasad, Personal Communication, May 20, 2007 Hardy Lewis Choudhry, Personal communication, May 21, 2007

Aluminium is the third most common element on Earth after oxygen and silicon

aluminium is the third most common element on Earth after oxygen and silicon. The aluminium industry had a Gross Domestic Product of $3.1 billion in1997/98, ranking the aluminium industry amongst Australias leading dors and employs over 16000 people directly. The total value of export earnings was about(predicate) $6.3 billion in 1998/99, second only to coal as an export industry for Australia. These facts underline the fact that the aluminium industry is a major summation to Australia and is world competitive. Aluminium is important to us currently and is employ from everything from soft drink faecal matters to car bodies to window frames.Aluminium is lightweight, strong, long-lasting, eminently corrosion resistant as a protective oxide coating is naturally generated, is an excellent heat and electricity conductor, has good reflective properties, is very ductile, completely impermeable and odourless and totally recyclable. scorn this, less than 200 tonnes in 1885 were produc ed compargond to approximately 22 million tonnes in 1998 plus some 5 million tonnes of recycled Aluminium. This is because aluminium is so racyly oxidate that it can be only refined using huge unions of electricity and electricity did not become readily available until this century. Thus, it is known as the lift of the 20th century. There ar three process involved in the manufacture of Aluminium Bauxite mining, aluminium oxide refinery and aluminium smelting.Raw Materials Cryolite (Na3AlF6). Sodium Aluminium Fluoride. This reduces the temperature needed to electrolyse the aluminium bring down the cost. It was originally obtained from mines in Greenland, provided the supply has depleted and it is now produced synthetically. Aluminium fluoride (AlF3), calcium fluoride (CaF2) and Lithium Fluoride (LiF) which play the part of reducing the melting point of the mixture. Alumina (Al2O3). This is obtained from bauxite, a red rock-like material, which also contains a lot of unwante d substances. Bauxite is mined in Western Australia, Queensland and Northern Territory. Bauxite mining leaves a lot of barren areas which will be investigated later. Bauxite and aluminum oxide are stored in storage bunkers. To produce aluminium surface, bauxite has to be concentrated, thus removing most impurities. Bauxite is crushed and water-washed to remove some of the clay and sand indeed dried in kilns. This is because crushed bauxite is easier to transport. The ore is loaded onto trucks, railway cars, or conveyor belts and transported to ships or refinery. The concentration of bauxite into alumina is called the Bayer process as shown below. Note that the red mud from the refinery must be complaintfully disposed of and this will be explore in environmental factors.The Chemical ProcessTo refine aluminium from alumina which contains both aluminium and oxygen, electrolysis is used, in a process known as the Hall-Heroult process. Alumina has to be melted (it is mixed with cryol ite to reduce melting temperatures) and each cell is supplied with four to six volts and 150,000 amps of electricity. The sequence of creation isAll gutters are covered so that drum out gases are drawn into a large fume duct (will be explored later). As this involves consumable anodes, the pots cannot be sealed and every time a pot is opened, a small quantity of volatile gases escapes. For the safety and comfort of workers, the potroom needs to be well ventilated and the workers need breathing protection equipment. So frequently electricity is needed in this process that many smelters are find near hydro-electric plants or have their own power stations such as Alcoa which mines brown coal to generate electricity that meets 50% of its energy requirements. Approximately 16 kWh of energy is needed to produce one kg of molten metal in the Hall-Heroult Process compared to a theoretical energy of 6.34 kWh per kg of molten metal.Two main causes of this are the reoxidation of aluminium metal by carbon dioxide and high temperature, as well as side reactions wasting energy. Computers are now being used to monitor each pot continuously and set a best voltage for any particular condition reducing energy consumption. Covering the top of the anodes with an insulator to prevent them burning off and improved part of carbon anodes reduces energy loss. Australias comparatively has a low consumption of power for each kilogram of aluminium produced. Research is currently being done to hazard an alternative extraction process and the two main ways are through carbon reduction and electrolysis of aluminium chloride.The ProductAluminium, Al a collection III element is the product that results. Its properties and uses were discussed above. Other than the pure substance, adulterates are also made containing copper, magnesium, manganese, chromium, silicon, nickel, iron and zinc. Quality control issues accept the issue that normal finish processes do not remove all the impurit ies from aluminium, so most commonly used industrial aluminium already has small amounts of impurities alloyed with it. Fortunately, this makes aluminium stronger but remains easy to bend. Some alloys are less suitable for extrusion than others, requiring higher pressures, allowing only low extrusion speeds and/or having less than acceptable surface finish and section complexity. Aluminium sheets which are rolled from ingots are not flat when produced from the rolling mills. To flatten it, they are stretched between heavy-duty hydraulically-operated grips.A small Alignment Telescope with sweep optical square is used to check the flatness within specified tolerance to ensure the quality. One random judge for each batch of the aluminium and its alloy ingots undergo an optical spectrometry analysis to ensure that the results lie within the limits determined by Australian specification. The by-products and nullify products of this product are carbon dioxide and fluoride gases as well as sulphur and nitrogen oxides. Carbon dioxide gas is a greenhouse gas and large amounts of fluorides are toxic. Sulphur and nitrogen oxides are acid rain gases. Therefore these need to be controlled and this will be investigated below in environmental Factors. The aluminium and its alloy ingots or its processed equivalents are packed and distributed through shipping. Approximately 78% of all aluminium produced in Victoria is exported.LocationAustralia has six aluminium smelters located in Tasmania (one), Victoria (two), New South Wales (two) and Queensland (one). However Bauxite mines are in Queensland, Northern Territory and Western Australia. This is because the energy costs are too high to set up a plant near the mines but in Tasmania, Victoria and New South Wales electricity is cheap. As lots of electricity is used in the electrolysis, it is cheaper to transport the bauxite to the smelters than to set up a smelter near the mines and pay higher costs for electricity.Other facto rs that are taken into account include the labour force available (generally higher near cities), transportation of the aluminium produced (so the smelter has to be near ports, railway stations or highways), geographic factors (smelters are built in residential areas where the land is cheap) and legal factors (whether the sounds and the activities such as the fumes released and the transportation of aluminium using trucks would affect nearby residential properties who could sue).EnvironmentalBy recycling aluminium, approximately 95% of the energy (approximately 2 billion kWh of electricity) otherwise required to produce the primary metal aluminium can be saved. This makes the aluminium cheaper to manufacture as well as reduce the rapid depletion of non-renewable fossil fuels to produce electricity. When land is mined for Bauxite, active reforestation must be carried out to ensure the stability of the environment as well as ensuring that the soil left over doesnt erode and cause mud slides. Extreme care must be taken with the handling and disposal of red mud from the refineries. This is usually pumped into dams which are sealed with impervious material to prevent contamination of surrounding countryside. The manufacture of aluminium produces carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, fluoride gas, a toxic gas and other exhaust gases (such as the sulphur and nitrate oxides) that can potentially be harmful.To combat their pollution, all pots are covered and the fumes are drawn into a fume duct where the gases pass through beds of alumina which adsorbs over 99%of the fluoride. All cryolite needs to be manufactured synthetically and suitable fluorides are expensive and so they need to be recovered. The gases then pass through dust filter bags and a dry scrubber and treatment facilities to remove the greenhouse and other gases and only clean air is released. Although manufacture of aluminium uses a lot of energy and other options to mine aluminium are being investigated (as shown above), the use of aluminium itself has saved a large amount of energy because they are strong and light. It is estimated that 1,230 litres of petrol was saved in cars that used 64 kg of aluminium instead of other metals and this saved more than tail fin times the energy required to produce each kilogram of aluminium used in the car.

Comparing Clay Dilham in Up the Slide with Gary Paulsen in A Glow in the Dark Essay

The main character of Up the slide is ashes Dilham who is a young prospector. He decided to get a sled-load of firewood in fractional an hour. After a hard struggle, he succeeded. The main character of a glow in the dark is Gary Paulsen who ran an eight-dog team in an unknown and dark forest. A strange light frightened him exclusively he finally found what the light was. Both of the Great Compromiser and Gary have great courage but Clay is braver than Gary. Clay go about a more chancy situation and more difficulties.First, Clay was very young who was only 17 years old and became a young prospector who traveled to a hostile environment. The Yukon Territory is located in the northwestern corner of Canada. It is part the subarctic zone, where temperatures have been known to plunge to -80F (p315). It is real hard for people to survive in such terrible environment, especially for a 17-year-old teenager. Most of teenager at that age are sitting in a warm classroom and receiving goo d education. But Clay as a young prospector worked in such terrible place.So he must have great courage and is really very brave. Second, during his trip, he could die every second if he lost his caution. A slip at that loony toons meant a plunge over the edge and a twenty-foot fall to the ice. A hundred feet farther along, and a slip would mean a fifty-foot fall. (p316). It was really riskous and difficult for people who wanted to survive. For Clay, a young prospector didnt have so much experience. So he would not expect such a difficult but he keeps being calm it must be his bravery and great courage to support him sort out all these difficult problems.Gary nerved a less dangerous situation than Clay. First, the ghost and other terrifying things were all created by his imagination. It means that they couldnt create any physical danger for him. Ghosts and goblins and dark nights and snakes under the bed and sounds I didnt know and bodies I had found and graveyards under covere d pale moons and death, death, death (p323) These imaginary things will not make him die at once but in Up the slide if Gary has a momentary oversight, he will die at once.So the situation that Gary faced is less dangerous than the situation that Clay faced. But he still felt very terrified and didnt know what to do at that moment. So Clay is braver than Gary. Second, the motivation that pushed Gary to go forward is his curiosity, not his courage or bravery. But curiosity was stronger. My legs moved without my wanting them to move and my clay followed them. (p323) Although Gary still went forward with great fear, he didnt have strong belief like Clay that had great courage to go forward.So Clay is braver than Gary. In conclusion, first Clay faced a more dangerous situation than Gary. Second, Clay had to overcome both physical and metal fear but Gary only needed to overcome his imagination. Third, Clay was always calm but Gary didnt know what to do when they faced frightening thing s. So Clay is braver than Gary. When students face some difficulties like problems they cant solve, keeping calm is always the best solution. So they will come up some good ideas and solve the problem successfully.

Antenatal Leaflet Plan

I have been asked as my resource task to pose an antenatal pamphlet for a young flummox to help her with her pregnancy.Antenatal circumspection is important for a pregnant mother because it makes sure that both the baby and the mother are well and that the pregnancy is all going well and if the mother has any questions or problems, she can ask her GP.The learning I will include in the leaflet will be made suitable for a young pregnant mother by making to leaflet olfaction attractive and interesting. I will use colour and pictures to excessively make it carry eye-catching and stand out so that if there are lots of other leaflets to choose from, the mother will choose mine.I will make sure that the writing is not too small and I will also make the font simple and easy to read. I will also try not to put in too much writing which may even put the mother off reading the leaflet.The type of information which I will put inside the leaflet will be about and give advice ono Smokingo Clothing and footwearo Dieto Medicines and drugso Hygieneo Rest and exerciseo BenefitsI will try to make the leaflet look eye-catching by using pictures and animation. On the front of the leaflet I will put a photo of a young mother with a baby and throughout the leaflet I will include pictures of pregnant mothers so that the young mother feels as comfortable as possible with how she looks and so she knows she looks normal for someone who is pregnant.The information and pictures which I will put into my leaflet will be fromo Internet as there is a bounteous variety of information and it is easy to access.o Text books as I know its all accurateo From other antenatal leaflets as I know there is a large varietyo Parents who have has children as they have had experienceo And lastly magazines as they have a lot if information inside them.When I have finished I will design 5 questionnaires and give them to different people who have had children and who havent and the leaflets will help me evaluate my leaflet.My plan of action iso Collect information from different sourceso Select relevant information which is needed for leafleto Make leaflet using information I have selectedo Evaluate leaflet using questionnaireso Hand in my finished leaflet by the deadline.

Animal Rights Issue Research question

Topic Animal Rights Issue Research question Has animal indemnifys issue gone as well far? Working thesis statement Do animal rights face take it too far, when it actively encourages a vegetarian diet as a appearance of life? Yes its taking it too far by ignoring the value of nutrients that meat can offer our bodies. Research plan I plan to maneuver my research on the issue if animal rights organizations have gone too far in promoting a vegetarian diet. But also on those who do not encourage this and the importance that meat has.Some of the sites I will be using are http//www. prairie. org/, http//digitalcommons. csbsju. edu, and other resources. Timetable for Research Project Assignments Assignment related to the research base Description of and points for the assignment Due date as indicated in course syllabus Exact Date and time in MST Research Proposal and chalk out Four part proposal and six part outline (60 pts. ). Week 4 in Dropbox 8/9/2012 at 300pm Annotated Bibliograph y List and analysis of at least five sources (100 pts). Week 5 in Dropbox 8/16/2012 at 300pm First plan of Research Paper draft copy of first three sections of final paper, including introduction, thesis statement, and problem section (60 pts). Week 6 in Dropbox 8/22/2012 at 300pm Second Draft of Research Paper Draft of final three sections of final paper, including solution and call to action sections Week Discussion topic 2 8/27/2012 at 500pm Research Paper Presentation The format presentation of the entire paper (50 pts). Week 7 in Dropbox 8/29/2012 at 600pm Final Research Paper Entire paper addressing feedback on first two drafts. It must have all six sections and include a References page (150 pts). Week 8 in Dropbox 9/4/2012 at 300pm Research Outline I. I plan to conduct my research on and if animal rights organizations have gone too far in promoting a vegetarian diet? And those who do not encourage this and the importance that meat has. Is animal rights organization ta king it too far, when it actively encourages a vegetarian diet as a way of life?Of course its taking it too far by ignoring the value of nutrients that meat can offer our bodies. II. Of course its taking it too far by promoting a diet that should have nothing to do with animal abuse. III. Secondly, they ignore the value of nutrients that meat can offer our bodies that can lead to healthier muscle growth. IV. A solution to this would be to find a different method that is least painful for the animals we kill to eat. V. A second solution would be to let others eat what they want, and focus more on stricter laws.To genuinely putting a stop those who are abusing these animals. VI. I agree that everything on earth is for the utility of humanity. But that doesnt give any one the right to abuse, or be cruel towards an animal. We should focus more on stricter policies, and stopping does who make these animals suffer pain. Just because an animal is killed to provide meat, is no reason to g immick vegetarian. Humans have a right to eat meat. The abuse has to stop, so that we are provided with a healthier meat.

Arguing for Drug Testing Policy

This memo is in response to your recent e-mail in regards to random drug testing. I believe that implementing this policy would be extremely beneficial to our company as a whole. This is for the following reasons financial savings, workplace safety, and to keep abreast our reputation. Financial Savings It is important that we strive to prolong a safe and effective work environment for every single one of our employees.It is estimated that workplace accidents cerebrate to drugs have constitutes employers in the United States $75 to 100 billion dollars per year. Those who abuse are excessively six times more likely to deposit workers compensation claim and use 16 times the amount of health benefits as their fellow employees who do not use drugs. (http//www. employmentdrugtesting. com/screening. html_) Not ensuring that our employees are sober could end up costing our company a great deal of currency in the long run if an employee under the entrance injures themself or nother employee era on the Job here at Life Support, Inc.One might argue that implementing this drug-testing policy would actually cost our company more money due to the cost of the drug tests. However, the cost of a drug test cannot compare to the higher cost of workers compensation or lawsuits to this company that could dominancely occur due to an employee under the influence while on the Job. Spending money on these drug tests is a preventative measure to keep our company from spending more money in the long run. Workplace Safety It is absolutely vital that Life Support, Inc. rovides an environment in which our employees come to work knowing that we value their safety. The facts and figures mentioned above apprise that employees under the influence of drugs are extremely likely to cause and produce accidents in the workplace. The drug users are not the only ones at risk. Employees under the influence of drugs are clearly not performing to the best of their ability their impaired stat e can cause them to make careless mistakes or exercise woeful Judgment that they normally would not if they were in a ober state of mind.This can cause injury not only to them, but their fellow co- workers. By weeding pop out the employees who choose to use drugs, we will be providing a safer place for our workers and also show them that we truly value their safety. Maintain Reputation It is important for Life Support, Inc. to maintain a reputable image. By not tolerating drug abuse by our employees we present ourselves as a company that really cares about their people and also the quality of their products.https//donemyessay.com/unit-5-review/Our products will continue o be made of impeccable quality and be held to the highest standards in the industry. Our clients and those who use our products will know that Life Support, Inc. is a name to be trusted. This kind of quality and standards will reduce any possible liability for any malfunctioning equipment. I urge you to consider t he potential savings, workplace safety, and our reputation as you continue to make your decision in regards to this matter. As always, please feel free to contact me if I can be of any other assistance to you.

Mahabharata

ethics and Values Introduction Values argon the rules by which we make decisions about beneficial and wrong, should and shouldnt, good and bad. They also tell us which are more or less important, which is useful when we have to trade off meeting one value over another. Ethics tend to be systemise into a formal system or set of rules which are explicitly adopted by a group of people. Ethics, are how we actually do stick out in the face of difficult situations that test our moral fiber. It has been said that values, morals and ethics are inextricably tied together.Ethics and values deeply integrated in Mahabharata/Vidur Niti Mahabharata is considered as an encyclopedia of reference for human life. It is said to contain all that a man should know towards achieving the four human goals, Dharma (righteousness), Artha (human Endeavour towards material pursuits), Kama (desire) and Moksha (salvation). The Mahabharata is called the fifth part Veda as it contains the essence of the four Ve das. This encompasses a whole lot of knowledge in it, the like Vidura Neeti, Srimad Bhagwadgita etc. re a part of this scripture only. Vidur Niti by Mahatama Vidur is one of the prominent Niti Sastras containing ethical values, having relevance even for forthwith. Once Dritarastra,who was having a sleepless night, called Vidur to seek the way for solace.The preaching which Vidur delivered during that time and subsequently, in continuation, is even today known as Vidur Niti. It contains not only the fundamental principles and deep knowledge of politics, simply also deals greatly about ethics and values, i. e. ow should an administrator run his organization efficiently by following the DHARMA and not resorting to unfair means which are not in the benefit of the stakeholders. In todays modern focal point when ethical judgment and importance of recognizing the ethical dimensions is talked about, Mahabharat digs excellent analogies to identify the ethical boundaries. Rules of ethic al stock, dharmayuddha, for the war were framed by the supreme commanders of each side. Vidura explains codes of conduct and how one should act in different situations. His teachings are aimed at kings, ordinary citizens as well as at ascetics.Brief summary/story of Mahabharata enlightened with Ethics and Values Vidura respected his elder sidekick Dhrtrastra , and all along he tried to guide him on the right path. During the fratricidal war of Kuruksetra, Vidura repeatedly implored his elder brother Dhrtrastra to do justice to the sons of Pandu, but his son Duryodhana did not like such interference by his uncle Vidur, and rather practically insulted Vidura. Vidura was very prudent, wise, polite, religious, well- mannered and devoted to the entitle Krishna. As a minister to Dhrtarastra, he used to give him good advice.When Duryodhana was born, Vidur had cautioned him that his child would be the cause of the Kauravas destruction, but due to the attachment for his child, Dhritarasht ra did not take over heed to his advice and as a result suffered a lot all along his life just because of Duryodhana. Because of Duryodhanas atrocities, Mahatma Vidur developed sympathy for the Pandavas and he helped them and protected them like a shot or indirectly. He knew that despite any crisis, the Pandavas would win the battle eventually. They were blessed with a long life and hence no one could kill them.Kunti was persuade of Vidurs words as she knew that he was a man of truth. Vidur had also cautioned Yudhishtir of the imminent danger that was lurking in Barnavata and also told him the way to escape the danger. It was Vidur who had planned the digging of a tunnel from Lakshagriha to the bank of the Ganges and had arranged for the boat to emerge on the river and finally cross it. Thus, acting prudently, Vidur saved the lives of the Pandavas. Vidur did not discriminate in his adhesion for the Pandavas and the Kauravas and he used to give them good advice as well. notwithst anding Duryodhana never liked his advice. Even then, Vidur tried his level best to put Dritarastra on the right track. But under the influence of his sons, Dritarastra never followed Vidurs advice, although assuming him to be his well -wisher, he always sought his advice. Following Shakunis advice, Duryodhana informed the proposal of inviting the Pandavas over a patch of dice. Vidur cautioned Dritarastra that such a game would only increase the enmity between the two sides, as the game of dice was inauspicious for both the sides.Praising Vidur, Dritarastra then persuaded Duryodhana to give up the plan. But Duryodhana was determined to humiliate the Pandavas, hence he made Dritarastra accept his plan. Ultimately, it was Vidur who went to Indraprastha with the proposal of the game. Yudhishtir too did not like the game of dice but to honour his uncles desire, he accepted the proposal. Even when the game was being played, Vidur tried to convince Dritarastra that he keep mum had enough of time to come around and return his submissive stance for Duryodhana and save his clan and not to make the Pandavas their enemy.Again after the Pandavas had left for exile, Dritarastra was worried as to how to convince the subjects and how to please the Pandavas to return. Vidur then said O King, Artha, Dharma and Kama (wealth, religion and pleasure) are received through Dharma only. Dharma is the pedestal of the state. Hence, you should protect yourself and the Pandavas. Your sons have snatched everything from the Pandavas. It is against the Dharma. Hence, you should first get Duryodhana arrested and hand over the kingdom to Yudhishtir. Yudhishtir has no envy or jealousy, hence he will rule the kingdom religiously.Ask Dushasana to beg for pardon from Draupadi and Bheema in the court. Doing these things, you will be free from your worries. But Dritarastra did not like this advice and he told Vidur as to how he could give up his sons just for the Pandavas sake,and ordered Vidur to leave. Anticipating the imminent fall of the Kauravas, Vidur palavered Kamyaka Vana to meet the Pandavas and told them a few things for their benefit. Dritarastra having come to know of Vidurs visit to the Pandavas began to suspect that with the help of Vidur, the Pandavas would become stronger.So, he called Vidur back and begged him for pardon. At that Vidur told Dritarastra that he did not differentiate between the Kauravas and the Pandavas but seeing the Pandavas in such a hapless condition, it was but natural to help them, in any case, he did not have any partiality for the Kauravas. Vidura was also very loyal to professional Krishna. When Krishna came to Hastinapur with the peace proposal, he preferred to stay with Vidur relishing the plain food offered by him in contrast to the royal meal, which was being served at the palace.It is thus piano to guess the intense love of Lord Krishna for Vidur. Next day when Duryodhana tried to tie Krishna in the palace, Vidur cautioned him and told him that Shri Krishna is the Lord Himself and any kind of disrespect for him would destroy him like a flame destroys a moth. Thereafter the Lord appeared in his cosmic form and seeing which all except Vidur, Bheeshma, Sanjay and Drona closed their eyes. After the battle was over, Vidur consoled Dritarastra that whoever died in the battle had attained salvation, hence one should not mourn for them.Every time a human is born, he makes new relations but after his last these relations crumble like a castle made out of sand Hence, it is useless to mourn for the dead relatives. Events like comforts and miseries, crisis and fortune and chance etc. is due to the result of ones own good or bad deeds. Every living being has to bear the fruits of his deeds. Thereafter Vidur preached the ways of observing the right conduct and how to be rid of the miseries. After the coronation of Yudhishtir, Dritarastra came to stay with him.Vidur also stayed with him and used to be engaged in r eligious discussions. Eventually, he accompanied Dritarastra, Gandhari and Kunti in their penance. Conclusion From above epic/story/discussion, it will be observed that many gems of ethical values are contained in the Vidura Niti and in the Mahabharata as whole, which is still relevant in the modern times, when the degradation of ethical values has become rampant all around the world. Let us ponder over slightly of them to be more wise, prudent, and successful in the ultimate reckoning.

Jim Crow Laws Main Problems for Black Americans in the 1920s and 1930s Essay

When the Civil struggle ended in 1865, Abraham Lincoln proclaimed all work force in America dim or white meet. However, throughout the rest of the nineteenth and much of the twentieth century African-Americans were widely discriminated especially in the entropyern states of the country. They set about serious sociable, economic and political worrys and were regarded by most people as the inferior race.Although America was referred to by its president Woodrow Wilson as the great run pot in 1915 and although it was supposed to be a country where all men are created equal as stated in the Constitution this certainly was not the case. American parliamentary law was divided by strict racial hierarchy with the White Anglo-Saxon Protestants (WASP) on the very go across, separate European immigrants in the middle and with scurrilouss descending mainly from slaves on the very bottom. Historians indicate why this was and why the desires of some leaders to create a homologous nati on really stayed only if desires.Some argue that the ethnic minorities cased divergence in everyday life because it had efficacious basis in the so called Jim swash laws, which promoted the furcate scarce equal finding of the compulsory Court from 1896. These laws were introduced in the South to support the separation of the races and essentially made the discrimination of Blacks legal. However, early(a)s argue that the reason for discrimination lay deeper in the American history and that it grow from the established racial hierarchy.There were many half-secret organisations that fought for the white subordination and some historians, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as David M. Chalmers argue that it was the strainations of such groups that caused the discrimination against blacks. Some historians also argue that the federal apathy was another important parapet blacks had to governing body. This was because of the laissez-faire policy and also because of personal ra cialist views held by the presidents of the era, who wanted (as the rest of American people) to take hold power in the hands of the WASP establishment.Some other historians would argue that it was the impact of beingness War One that deepened the racial problems and others believe that blacks had to deal with discrimination because of the alarm of the whites that their sociable and economic status were beneath threat. This essay will examine all those possible reasons why black people were treated with dislike in the interwar period and will prove that while the Jim Crow laws were important in justifying this approach it was in fact the deep-rooted racialism that caused all the other factors and led to the savage discrimination of African-Americans.Some historians, such as John A. Kerr argue that the Jim Crow laws were the main cause of the discrimination commit in American states. The decision of the Supreme Court in 1896 led to proliferation of these laws throughout the So uth as Homer Plessy confused his case and the Court found that the laws were not breaking the US Constitution. The Court decided to support the quotidian Separate but Equal policy, which meant that as long as equal facilities were provided, the segregation of the races wasn? unconstitutional. Seven of the viii justices at the trial favoured this decision and stated that the 14th Amendment to the US constitution was not intended to extinguish distinctions based upon colour and that separation of those does not necessarily imply the inferiority of either race to the other. This decision disappointed black people as they knew that it was very unlikely that the states would provide them with equal facilities.As a result of this case states could impose legal punishments on people consorting with members of another race. The most common examples of Jim Crow laws were forbidding intermarriage and ordering business owners and public institutions (schools, offices) to keep their blac k and white clientele separate. Basically, the discrimination of black Americans was now legal. The only justice that didn? t agree with the court? s decision, John Harlan, summarised it intumesce stating the present decision ill not only stimulate aggressions, more or less barbarous and irritating, upon the admitted rights of coloured citizens, but will encourage the belief that it is possible, by means of state enactments, to defeat the right purposes which the people of the United States had in view when they adopted the recent (13th and 14th) amendments of the Constitution. In addition, even though black people possessed the right to vote, by the year 1902 there was only 3,000 black voters in aluminum as it was whiz of the states that created impossible qualification tests for black voters.In a state where African-American macrocosm was significant with around 900,000 individuals this isn? t surprising and only proves the extent of discrimination and racism present. These ridiculous tests, with questions such as How many bubbles are in a bar of soap denied blacks the opportunity to vote for their politicians and then decreased the chances of a change of the situation. The Jim Crow laws were clearly a manifestation of the racism present indoors American culture, but they al 1 weren? t the reason for the hostility and discrimination towards the blacks.The factor that caused the laws to come into organism and be conveyed and followed was the deep-rooted racism and the presumed dominance of the WASPs and this was the main problem African-Americans had to deal with. Many historians would thusly argue that the main reason why ethnic minorities and blacks in particular, faced discrimination was the existence of racial hierarchy and deep-rooted racism inherent within the American WASP culture. afterward the 13th Amendment in 1865 that freed the author black slaves and the 14th and 15th Amendments that provided them with equal rights and suffrage, Afri can-American hoped for a new better beginning.However, the former slave-owners and other WASPs living especially in the south were not willing to undergo such change. The problem wasn? t only with blacks, other ethnic groups different from the white acceptable Americans of northern European origin suffered from discrimination and perceived inferiority as well. Americans wanted to keep their standard of WASP Americanism and were unwilling to accept other cultures as equal. There were many pseudo-scientific findings that were meant to prove this inequality.Joseph Le Conte, an American anthropologist, for example claimed that modern ethnologists go for thoroughly established the fact that in all essential qualities the Negro race seems to be all told incapable of development. Racial stereotypes of blacks as inferior beings were popular throughout American society and although the racial hierarchy was mostly unspoken, there were clear signs of it in every aspect of the culture. As the blacks were always regarded as inferior, low-class people, it was not easy for the white supremacy supporters to all of a sudden support their equality.racialism had a strong historical context in American society and it was this that caused the Jim Crow laws to be legalised and supremacist organisations, such as the Ku Klux Klan, to form. Therefore the deep-rooted racism must be seen as the happen upon problem Blacks had to face as it caused all the other obstacles for them and resulted in discrimination in all levels of the society. However, some historians would argue that it was the existence of the supremacist organisations that posed the biggest trouble to the black Americans.Ku Klux Klan was formed immediately after the end of the Civil War but its main wave of actions happened during the 1920s and 30s. The founder of the second KKK, who awoke the old tradition in 1915, was William J. Simmons. His aim was to upchuck Southern culture of corrupting influences that were accor ding to him trying to destroy WASP America. These were apparently not only blacks, but also other ethnic and religious groups, such as Catholics, Jews and even communists. The Klan used unpeaceful methods to intimidate and suppress these groups.Mob violence and lynching were a daily fact of life in the south during the 1920s. However, the organisation became gradually more national with members in the northern countries as well as in the southern ones. It restricted its membership to native-born white Protestants and it attracted many people due to blacks? migration and genial fears resulting from it many people across the country became committed to the 100% Americanism and were afraid of losing the smudge on the top of the racial hierarchy. As historian Paul S.Boyer states, The organisation consisted primarily of ordinary people, not criminals or fanatics. The Klan? s promise to restore the nation to an imagined purity ethnical, moral and religious appealed powerfully to ill -educated and deeply religious Americans. By 1925 KKK had 5 million members and it dominated state legislatures. Assembly men, sheriffs, judges all were members of the Klan and agreed with its policies, either secretly or publicly. The Klan used symbols, such as white robes and burning crosses to bring about and emphasise fear and as historian David M.Chalmers argues they were viewed as a super-secret organisation masked and mysterious, with a tradition of violence for which a generation of legend had achieved a high measure of companionable approval. They were feared by the blacks and praised by the whites. Although the white supremacy organisations, such as the KKK played an important role in supporting racist actions and discrimination, they didn? t exist without a cause. This cause was the deep-rooted racism within American people as well as the social and economic fear after the Great Migration and the First World War.It is also surprising that such a violent organisation w as free to carry out its actions and was not stopped by incomplete federal, nor state governments. This shows that the legal aspect of discrimination was to a great extent the major problem for the blacks. However, racism would have existed without the laws, but the laws would not have existed without the deep-rooted racism in American culture, which establishes it as the key reason for all the problems. In any other instance, organisations such as the KKK and racist laws such as the Jim Crow laws would not be accepted by any government.Thus, historians debate also the option that one of the biggest problems African Americans had to face during this time period was the federal government? s apathy. By the ruling of the Supreme Court in 1876 it has been decided that individual states could govern themselves as they saw fit. This led to proliferation of the Jim Crow laws in the South and increasing ignorance of the problem of discrimination in the North. What is more, it provided the federal government with an excuse to not inject and carry out the ineffective laissez-faire policy.Woodrow Wilson, a Democrat president during and after the First World War, was even racist himself. He declared that the blacks were an ignorant and inferior race and strongly defended segregation stating in 1916 that it is not humiliating and is a benefit to you Black gentlemen. Even though he is known for his bowel movement for international brotherhood and peace and he denounced the tactics of the KKK, he openly sympathised with its efforts to restore the white supremacy. Clearly, the racism in America was deep-rooted in all levels of the society.In the 1920s Republicans held the presidential office in their hands and as part of their overall approach to ruling they applied the laissez-faire attitude towards social affairs. As Calvin Coolidge stated the chief business of the American people is business. They simply did not entail it was their job to intervene in people? s every day lives. Moreover, the various administrations seemed to close their eyes to racial discrimination. Anti-lynching law in 1921 was never passed as it was defeated by Southern Senators and that meant that the organisations such as the KKK could go along with their horrible actions.What is more, the Klan was allowed to organise 40,000 men march on Washington DC in 1925 showing its long suit and being de facto supported by the federal government. Blacks were also further excluded from the Republican Party and had to submit to segregation in the White House and the federal civil service. The evidence shows that Blacks were discriminated in all levels of the society. Even the presidents themselves were racist and did nothing to tackle the inequalities, if not making them worse.The federal apathy clearly rooted from the racism present among the public and the government was simply responding to the will of the people. This created further complications for the African Americans to gain their civil rights as they had to face racism and discrimination not only at everyday levels but also at the correct political ones. Historians also debate the possibility that the aftermath of WW1 causing the Great Migration and wide spread social and economic fears was itself the reason for discrimination of black Americans.In the WW1, many African-Americans fought for the country, but even more of them were utilise in munitions, other factories and agriculture to keep the country going. As a result, many blacks moved from the South to the North as they saw it as a chance for better life. Whites didn? t always take in these migrants as they, too, had racism deep in their minds. Black migrants were also seen as an unwanted job ambition in 1917 in St. Louis 40 blacks and 9 whites were killed in race riot over employment.Although discrimination was nowhere near legal as it was in the South with the Jim Crow laws, whites in the North considered themselves superior as well and wer e ready to defend their position on the racial hierarchy. In Chicago, race riots began when a black boy accidentally swam to white only waters and the respectable white American citizens present on the beach stoned him to death. As Willoughby and Willoughby argue, This incident clearly indicates the depth and extent of the hatred and prejudice. And it indeed does.As shown above, the KKK had huge number of supporters and members in the North as well ever since its reformation and this meant that even the blue WASPs were ready to discriminate. This leads back to the deep-rooted racism in the American culture and indicates it as the key problem. After the war ended, the closings of munitions factories hugely affected large proportion of the population. Blacks were then used as strike-breakers and were accused of take down the wages as they were willing to work for less money.This, of course, created tensions and caused the native white Americans to feel their economic and social sta tus being genuinely under threat. However, this attitude towards African-Americans was nothing new. On balance, there have been Klan members and other WASPs discriminating previous to the war, but the Great Migration caused by northern agents recruiting black workers in the South for munitions factories and other jobs, significantly increased the hostility towards blacks and heated the already existing racial tensions.It also gave further reasons to the ordinary white workers to support or join the Klan. Overall, there was no legal basis for discrimination in the north of the country, but the deep-rooted racism causing de facto segregation of the races provided strong enough reason for the racist Americans to discriminate. The black Americans faced serious problems of discrimination as they were regarded as members of the inferior race during the 19th and most of the 20th century. During the 1920s the tensions increased as the African Americans began to migrate within the US.Jim Cro w laws made it legal to discriminate in the south as they sought segregation of the races and indirectly approved the white supremacy. This, on board with federal government unwillingness to do anything about them, made it possible for racist organisations, such as the KKK, to exist and promote the WASP superiority through violence. However, the view that the KKK itself was the cause of racism is over simplistic misconception as it would not exist and be widely supported if the people would not agree with its goals.In addition, the impact of the First World War which meant increase in black migration to the North caused further heighten of racial problems there and was a factor in the increasing tensions. The problem black Americans faced was discrimination. This was possible to a great extent due to its de jure legalisation in the Jim Crow laws, but in echt fact the main problem blacks faced was the established racial hierarchy within the American society and the deep-rooted raci sm present in majority of the people.Simply, Blacks were denied to vote, federal government refused to do anything about their hapless treatment and the Ku Klux Klan successfully managed to question their equality by themselves. However, all these actions taken by the WASPs to secure their position were but a manifestation of a wider racist attitude that was deep-rooted in the culture. In last(a) conclusion, Jim Crow laws were a problem for the black Americans in the 1920s and 30s, but it was not the main one as they had to deal with the deep-rooted racism first to get rid of their discrimination completely.

Samuel Adams

Samuel Adams An the Statesn View of the Stamp Act Samuel Adams writes a letter to his English friend, tail end Smith, defending the Americans side of the new imperial appraiseation and control. He describes the colonists thinking of the get along as both burdensome and unconstitutional. They feel as if they are not represented as they should be and that their rights as Englishmen are being taken away from them. He goes on to say that Parliament cannot tax them consistent with the constitution because they are not represented. In 1765 England passed a new law called the Stamp Act.This run was meant to replace the sugar act because that act did not work. It taxed all printed items. England felt that they call fored to tax the colonies because the colonies were stock-still a part of England and felt that they needed to help pay for the debt that they were in for the war that they had helped fight for the colonies. asa dulcis Franklin proposed that if England was to tax the colon ies, then they wanted members in the legislature so they could be one community. However, politicians rejected this musical theme and called Franklin a radical.England felt like the colonies were already represented enough because they had virtual representation and didnt need to have geographic representation. England said that geographic representation would cost them too much time and just any laws would be passed. In this letter Adams says England is increasing their power and wealth at the colonies expense. He argues against the stoppage that England makes saying that the war was to defend the colonies, saying that England didnt do it for the colonies, but to a greater extent for advancing their convention and glory.Samuel Adams had a bias towards the American side. Originally the audience was his friend John Smith. However, since this letter has been published it is more aimed towards the English because it is refuting their side of the Stamp Act and how they thought of it . Samuel Adams is trying to get his point across that he and the rest of America feel under represented. I think that the meaning of this document is to let people know that there is just more than one side to the different acts that England was passing.There was an English side as well as an American side. The point was to show us the different views of each side, and help us realize that it was more of a misunderstanding rather than England scatty to take all control, and America wanting to break away from England. I think that one of the biggest misconceptions most people get from these different acts that last led to the revolution, was that America wanted to separate from England. However, this wasnt the case. America actually wanted to stay a part of the English Empire.America and England just could never see eye to eye, for example how each of them saw Americas representation. This letter helped me better understand why this all these small acts eventually led up to the Ame rican revolution. It made me realize that a lot of history is bias. Usually people only go out or read somewhat one side of things and dont really think about listening to the other side. To really understand history and better understand why something happened the way it did, its better to study each side of it.

Motivations and Benefits of Students Volunteering

Essa Fadhili S363053517/1/2018Teachers(s) Name Sharene Herdy & Rachel JoyAbstractThe following report examines the pointors that motivate bookmans to take piece in extending run away. The tack largely draws its insights from an American Education Research ledger and a peer reviewed article from Swedens Linnacus University. The goal is to yield findings on what motivates university students into engaging in extend work, the report offers several ideas for recommendations.The report provides concise findings on what motivates students into pickings part in declare oneselfing work.IntroductionVolunteering is a necessary part of the society as it is associated with numerous benefits for both the progressive and passive participants. While this fact remains, many students are usually unwilling to participate in volunteering syllabus for varied reasons.Some lack motivating factors since the work is free while early(a)s do not get by volunteer to be important or of any meaningf ul use to the society. Most universities score for great encouraged their students to take up volunteering work. Through volunteering, students gain from experience.For instance, they help give back to the society by helping the disadvantaged and improve their cordial skills. The report aims to discuss the motives of volunteering. In doing so, the benefits that students can derive from dynamic in volunteer work will be reviewed. The benefits include meeting new people, acquiring utilizable skills, and learning the importance of creating community awareness active certain social gaps.The piece will also provide recommendations to help to universities promote the program to the participants. The piece largely draws its insights from an American Education Research Journal and a peer reviewed article from Swedens Linnacus University.Motivations for Student to do Volunteer WorkOne of the motivations that encourage students to engage in volunteer work is the need to meet new peopl e and help their cause.The Students make new friends with others like them from other faculties or schools which serves to improve their social actions for students engaging in volunteer work provides them with the opportunity to meet strangers and have a positive impact on their lives. Research indicates that 74% of students who were actively involved in volunteer work experienced broader social ties and friendships (Fermnadez, Linett, and Nomoto 2016).It is easier for students with similar interests to interact that it is the case within the campus. As can be seen in the figure below, the image of volunteers in the University age bracket is still very low and gum olibanum the need to encourage students to enrol.Figure-12.Benefits of Volunteer WorkAnother important motivation that lures students into being part of volunteer work is the fact that they develop useful skills and work experience.In the process of helping with volunteer work, students can learn mixed professional sk ills that can assist them with their future career and their resume. Research indicates that 51% of fresh graduates in physical exertion began working in volunteering programs (Serow1991). Volunteering comes with a sense of happiness and self-fulfillment thus enticing students to take part in such programs. Also, 39% of non-volunteer students strongly believe volunteering in their academic course can captivate them to engage in volunteer work (Serow1991).Volunteer work can act as an lucky route to employment more so where the work involved relates to the course the participants are taking in the University.Feeling of Happiness in Helping PeopleThe other motivation that student can gain from volunteering work is the sensation of happiness in helping others.The participants make a social difference that they feel proud of and that acts as a motivational factor to engage in volunteer work (Serow 1991). The feeling that one is making a meaningful contribution to the society and orga nizations that address the social plight of the society is enough motivation to encourage students to take part in more volunteer program. Everyone likes to be part of a pregnant social change, and volunteer work offers this chance to the student.Figure-2The above figure illustrates the sharp decline in the number of volunteer between 2002 and 2015.ConclusionTo sum up, different motivations can serve to encourage more students to engage in volunteering program. Engaging in volunteer work provides students with an opportunity to improve their chances of employability.What is more, students get to meet new students with similar interests. Lastly, students feel happy helping others and that lures them into volunteer programs.RecommendationsTo encourage more student to join the volunteering program the university should lift events where student volunteers can meet to share their experiences. Organizing such forums can both fulfill the need for students to socialize and act as a motiv ation for more students to engage in the volunteer program.Young people are thrill seekers and meeting new friends to share their experiences-both animatenesss and those from the program-can help boost the number of students joining the volunteer program. The events should have fun activities that students love such as music, famous artists, and food. . The University should organize short courses where experienced student volunteers can showcase their experience by teaching potential members the benefits of enrolling.This adds to their skills and employability. Such courses have a graduate(prenominal) chance of succeeding since it involves students teaching students unlike an outsider or a teacher doing so. The new lanners would be in a better position to learn from their colleagues who also share their experiences of the program.A youngster encouraging another is more efficient than an older party teaching the same to a youngster. . Another effective recommendation that would serve to attract more students to the volunteer program would be the use of flyers, adverts, and colorful videos about the pleasant experience of students in the volunteer program. Young people are always attracted to interesting videos and adverts as they form part of their daily lives on social media.Through sharing the videos and adverts, students improve their social life as they meet other new interested parties. As such, using these tools may be the or so effective way to reach to potential student-volunteers4 who are not already in the program. Videos, flyers, and ads may work better than word of mouth.Most campus students spend more time on the Internet than they do when they interact with each other. As such, it is easier for new volunteers to find the information about the volunteer program from popular social sites that from friends.Reference listFemandez, P Linett, Q Nomoto, T 2016, student volunteering in Sweden and the motivations driving this phenomenon Bachelor The sis,Linnacus University ,Sweden.Serow, R, C 1991, Students and voluntarism looking into the motives of community expediency participantsAmerican Educational Research Journal, vol.28, No.3, pp 543-556.

The Basis of Economics

lacquer has per sorted a miracle. The countrys economical performance following its crushing defeat in World War II is nothing defraud of astounding. The economic expansion of Japan is second to none. All of the elements are in place for Japan to restrain increasing its share of the worlds wealth as Americas gradually declines. The country is on track to becoming the worlds largest economy. How did Japan do it? There are many theories and studies that have traced the Nipponese miracle without success.The answer to the mystery can by examining Japans culture, didactics, and employment dodge. Japans success is not just a case of goodly technique and technology in transaction, but a real recognition and development of the necessary gentle skills. A better judgment of the Nipponese society provides the framework to understanding the workings of Japanese business (and possibly the Japanese mind. ) The ayes of the Japanese provide a foundation for their economic adaptability in modern times.Japan is a culture where humankind relations and preservation of harmony are the most important elements in society. It is their sense of identity and destiny, which gives their industrial, machines its effectiveness. Among the Japanese, thither exists an instinctive respect for institutions and government, for the rules of etiquette and service, for social functions and their rituals of business. Japan is a traditionally herd island the bulk are hale to share the limited space with each other and to live in harmony.The Japanese are very protective of their culture. They are very conservative to outside intrusion. Their distinctive ways are a ascendent of pride and national strength. Japans striving for purity is very different form a coupling American idea of open doors and diversity as strength. Accordingly, one of the main sources of Japans strength is its peoples willingness to sacrifice, to be regimented and homogenized, and to repress personal desires to t he harmony of the working group. The Japanese people have had to become a group-oriented society.While in the western world, individuality and independence are highly valued, Japanese society emphasizes group activity and organization. The people accept that they will belong to one social group and work for one company for life. The crowded island conditions have driven society to value conformity. The culture that Japanese people are brought up in causes them to recognize that they have to work together to succeed. Only harmony will provide improvement. This development of the human nature and attitude relates directly to Japans business practice and provides a basis for good business relations.Japans education system has grabbed the worlds attention as it is specifically designed to teach the children skills and aptitudes to give them an edge in the business world. The educational system, based on the principle of full equality of educational opportunity, is widely recognized as h aving greatly contributed to the prosperity of Japan by providing a highly qualified work force supplemented by extensive in training programs by many of the major employers. The primary and secondary educational system is probably the most comprehensive and most disciplined in the world.Where North American students attend condition 175 days a year, Japanese students attend 240 days. Japanese students attend elementary and secondary civilise six days a week and for two months longer each year than North American students. In addition, they have long hours of homework. A large majority of Japanese students attend Juki, or preceding(prenominal) schools, in the evenings and on Sundays.In higher education, while lacking the strong University system which exists in North America, the curriculum is equally rigorous, and Japan is graduating 75 000 engineers per year, 3 000 more than the U. S. , from a University population one twenty percent the size. The education system itself is a unifying force. It molds children into group oriented beings by demanding uniformity and conformity form the earliest ages. The attainment of excellence within this complex environment, and the importance it holds for ones future is stressed early. This emphasis places a great burden on the young to perform well in school a to get ahead admittance to high status universities.The public school system not only produces good, obedient citizens, it produces good workers. A willingness to give oneself to the corporations best interest, to arrive early and stay late, and to produce good work is attributes versed in the Japanese schools. Those who cannot learn these skills do not do well in school or do not rise in the ranks of the corporate world. The education system is an excellent example of how the Japanese recognize and develop the necessary human skills that are needed in society and stressed in the business world.

Slave Narratives

During the times of striverry many pot opposed the thought of forcing someone to do everything they say, to avow someone. They believed in the freedom of others and to treat everyone equ tout ensembley. There were many abolitionists and slave narratives who wanted their side of the story to be heard. auntie Harriet Smith was a grisly woman from Homestead Texas and Aunt Phoebe Boyd from Dunnsville Virginia, both slave narratives. Aunt Harriet Smith was married to Jim Smith. They white folks killed her husband and she never knew why they would do such(prenominal) a thing, he was an honest man who went to church and constantly did what he was told (Soul, 2003).During one of her interviews Harriet was asked how long past she could commend from her slave days, she could remember all the way back when she was thirteen years old. Harriet could successfully remember everyones names as well, all the white children, her owner, everyone of the slaves she was around, and people she came i nto contact with on a incessant basis. Her owner had first purchased her grandmother and from then on owned the rest of her family from there on strike down. unrivalled thing she was extremely faithful to was church.They allowed the white people to go to church in the morning and the black people were allowed to go at night. They had a white preacher and he was always telling them to stomach themselves. If the black slaves were to act up then the preacher would tell there owners and they would be punished. She believed that there was a God, and he would help them. The slaves were never taught to read and write, the only gossip they had was the stories they heard during church near slaves macrocosm mistreated.This was something all the slaves would talk about when they seen each other and were able to communicate and talk. Harriet said that the white people were good to them. Her owner never hurt any of them. Her owner treated her well and whenever her and her family would hear about slaves being mistreated it would shock them. They felt bad for the slaves that were being abused. At one point in her interview she was asked why she went by Aunt Harriet Smith and she said by putting the word Aunt in front of her name was a sign of respect, and people respected her.During the Civil War, she could remember academic session with her two cousins on the white picket fence just watching the vehicles driving up and down the road. They loved the white picket fence and their owner didnt care if they say there. They would watch the soldiers all day long walk up and down the road. One of the reasons they loved watching so oftentimes because all the soldiers were colored soldiers (Smith, 1941). During the whole interview Aunt Harriet Smith was very optimistic, she always hoped for the best and didnt really have anything to say that was too negative.Even when she talked about her husband being killed, the only thing she unbroken talking about was how good of a man he was. She never turned the conversation into a negative one. Aunt Phoebe Boyd was also a slave narrative. She was very fond of the Lord and always believed that something better was coming. Smith, Harriet. Voices from the thralldom Days. The Liberty of Congress. N. p. , n. d. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. . Soul. AFRICAN-AMERiCAN SLAVE Aunt Harriet Smith On Church, Slavery & Punishment. YouTube. YouTube, 24 Apr. 2009. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. .